Line Chart

Map Chart

Stacked Area Chart

Bar Chart - Horizontal

Data show the percent of population having either low or very low food security disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Low food security is defined as reducing the quality and variety of the available food; very low food security entails skipping meals or otherwise reducing food intake because the household can’t afford enough food.

The stark disparities in food insecurity rates reflect decades of racist policies impeding economic stability in Black communities. 

Food insecurity impacts twice as many Black households as White households

National Imprisonment Rates

Stream Chart

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Health insurance is prohibitively expensive for many whose jobs do not include health benefits.

Health insurance gaps disproportionately leave Latino/a and Indigenous people without coverage

Data are the percent distribution of the population having low and very low food security disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Low food security is defined as reducing the quality and variety of the available food; very low food security entails skipping meals or otherwise reducing food intake because the household can’t afford enough food. For some states, group estimates were excluded due to limited sample size and unstable estimates.

Racist policies and practices have imposed barriers to wealth accumulation in Black communities, leading to higher rates of poverty and debt. These factors also lead to higher rates of hunger. 

State-level data mirrors national data in demonstrating stark racial disparities when it comes to food insecurity

Data reflect the percent of people who own versus rent their homes.

Each row has two dots indicating the homeownership rates for White and Black residents in each state. The connecting line represents the racial disparity, with longer lines indicating a wider disparity.

Homeownership rates vary by race across states, but data show stark inequities in every state

Data show the percentage of residents living in inadequate housing disaggregated by racial and ethnic categories. Housing quality is classified as adequate, moderately inadequate, or severely inadequate. For some years, group estimates were excluded due to limited sample size and unstable estimates.

This bar chart shows the racial disparities in inadequate housing conditions. Policies of racial segregation, economic disinvestment, and organized abandonment contribute to housing neglect by landlords in predominantly Black and brown communities.

Black and Latino/a residents were nearly three times as likely as White residents to live in inadequate housing in 2021

Data are the percent distribution of self-reported financial satisfaction scores disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Data for people identifying as Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander were excluded from the reported data due to limited sample size and unstable estimates.

The bar segments to the left of 0% show dissatisfaction in financial situation disaggregated by race and ethnicity.

People of color report higher rates of dissatisfaction with their financial situation compared to White people

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Homeownership rates by race and ethnicity of the head of the household. Data on Asian Pacific Islander home ownership was reported beginning in 2016. This group includes Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islanders.

Homeownership is a critical mechanism of wealth accumulation and intergenerational wealth transfer. Decades of policy choices have systematically excluded Black people from homeownership. The lines show the trend of homeownership rates by race/ethnicity. Hover over or click the legend categories to highlight the data for a specific group.

Data show stark racial and ethnic disparities in homeownership rates

pilot 2 state unemp map

The imprisonment rate was estimated using state population and prison population data. Prisons are facilities where people are sent after being convicted of a crime and sentenced to a specific period of time. Data is presented as arrests per 100,000 population per race. Data is not available for some races in some states due to inconsistent race reporting.

These bars show the imprisonment rate with higher bars indicating higher imprisonment rates. Use the dropdown menus to change the year and state. 

Black people are overrepresented in prisons

Data represent percent owning instead of renting residence by race and ethnicity.

Each row has two dots indicating the homeownership rates for White and Latino/a residents in each state. The connecting line represents the White-Latino/a difference. Longer lines indicate a wider racial difference in homeownership. 

What are the differences in homeownership rates between Whites and Latinos across states?

Data only include adults older than 24 years old. 

The bars show racial/ethnic disparities in education attainment for a specific state. Change the year and state with the dropdown menus. Select and unselect race/ethnic categories to compare. 

Racial disparities in educational attainment vary significantly by state

Across years, White unemployment rates are consistently lower than the national average, while Black unemployment rates consistently exceed the national average.

Data show stark racial disparities in unemployment rates. Factors impacting unemployment can include employment discrimination, greater job insecurity among low-wage work, and regional variation in job availability.

The job market favors some and fails others

Policies contributing to income inequity may include the undercompensation of certain kinds of labor, regional differences in minimum wage laws, and employment discrimination.

Data show stark racial disparities in median household income

Data show the percent of the population living below the poverty line by race and ethnicity. Data for some racial and ethnic categories were reported later than others: Hispanic (1972), Asian Pacific Islander–a combined category for people identifying as Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (1987-2000), and Asian (2001).

The lines show the trend in poverty rates in the past 40 years. Although poverty rates have decreased overall, racial and ethnic disparities remain.

Despite overall decreases in poverty, racial and ethnic disparities remain

Data only include adults older than 24 years old.

The bars show the percentage of a particular racial group that have or have not attained a certain level of education. The longer the bar, the higher the percentage. Change the year with the dropdown menu. Select and unselect race/ethnic categories to compare. 

Latino adults are least likely to have a high school education among racial and ethnic groups

Donut Chart

Data shows the percent distribution of the population living in overcrowded conditions. Crowdedness is defined as having more than 1 person per room.    

Hover over circles to see differences in overcrowded housing. Higher overcrowded rates are depicted with a larger circle and darker color. Select states from the dropdown menu. 

Overcrowded housing in the U.S. is a major concern for Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and Latino populations

Data represent the percent distribution of the unemployed population per race and ethnicity.

Hover over states to see differences in unemployment. Wide variation between states when it comes to racial disparities suggests the need to look closer at state policies that may be contributing to racialized unemployment.

Racial disparities in unemployment across U.S. states

Data shows the percent distribution of the population living in overcrowded conditions. Crowdedness is defined as having more than 1 person per room.  

Hover over bars to see differences in overcrowded housing. Use the menu to select data for a different year. Select and unselect race/ethnic categories to compare.

Rate of Latino residents living in crowded housing was eight times the rate of White residents in 2019

Data show median family net worth in dollars. For purposes of this reported data, the category labeled “other” includes people who identified as Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and those who selected the “other” option.

Policies contributing to income inequity include the undervaluation of certain kinds of labor, including domestic work and even work that has now been broadly recognized as “essential.”

Data show stark income inequity, with White families making twice as much as Black and Latino/a families

Data are the percent population living below the poverty line by race and ethnicity per state.

 The map shows the state poverty rate disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Poverty rates may be impacted by the legacies of settler colonialism and slavery, the chronic under-compensation of certain kinds of labor, low minimum wage requirements, and the impacts of educational and medical debt.

Racial and ethnic disparities in poverty levels across states raise questions about state-level policies

Hover over states to see differences in median household income. Toggle the race and year widgets to see data for different race/ethnicity and year.

State level data mirror national patterns in showing sharp racial inequities in median household income

Data shows the percent distribution of the unemployed population by race and ethnicity. 

Hover over states to see differences in unemployment. Wide variation between states when it comes to racial disparities suggests the need to look closely at state policies that may be contributing to racialized unemployment.

Data show stark racial disparities in unemployment rates. Factors impacting unemployment can include employment discrimination, greater job insecurity among low-wage workers, and regional variation in job availability. 

For purposes of this reported data, the category labeled “other” includes people who identified as Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, and American Indian or Alaskan Native, as well as people who selected the “other” option.

This chart shows family net worth disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Family net-worth may be impacted by intergenerational transfers of wealth, which perpetuate the harms of racist policies even after those policies have been abolished.

White families in the U.S. have at least 2.5 times the wealth of Black families on average

The category labeled “other includes Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and those who report “other.” Data is reported every three years.

Education and credit card debt can significantly affect a person’s ability to build wealth 

Data show racial disparities in who gets saddled with debt

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Data show the percent of the population that does not have health insurance.

Wide state-level variation in racially disparate health insurance coverage suggests potential influence of state policies on insurance rates

The “other” category includes people who identify as Asian, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, American Indian or Alaskan Native, and those who select the “other” category. Data is reported every three years.

Data show asset ownership, disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Asset inequity follows from income inequity and other barriers to the intergenerational transfer of wealth. 

Racial disparities in asset ownership

Data is presented as arrests per 100,000 population per race. 

Hover over bars to see differences in juvenile arrest rates nationwide. Use the menu to select data for a different year. Select and unselect racial/ethnic categories to compare.

Juvenile arrests on the decline but racial disparities persist

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Hover over bars to see differences in juvenile residential placement rates for each state. Use the menu to select race/ethnic categories to compare.

Striking racial disparities in juvenile residential placement in U.S. states

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Data are the percent distribution of self-reported job satisfaction levels disaggregated by race and ethnicity. Data for people identifying as Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander were excluded from the reported data due to limited sample size and unstable estimates. 

The bar segments to the left of 0% show the proportion of the population feeling dissatisfied in their jobs. People identifying as Black, American Indian and Alaska Native, or more than one racial category take up the longest segment on the left, indicating higher dissatisfaction compared with other racial categories.

Data show racialized variation in job satisfaction

Juvenile residential placement refers to the involuntary confinement of juveniles in facilities, such as group homes or detention centers, as part of the juvenile justice system. This can occur for a variety of reasons, such as after being adjudicated delinquent or awaiting trial, and is intended to provide treatment, rehabilitation, and supervision to youth who have been involved in the criminal justice system.

Hover over lines to see differences in youth residential placement rates. Hover over race/ethnic category to select. Click on race/ethnic category to exclude. 

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